We are going to be talking about what a server is, because it relates to the world of computer systems and computing. In this regard a server is a computer program that runs to attend to the needs and requests of other applications (these are referred to as clients). Those computer programs may be running on a different computer system or on the same one as the server program. A server could also be an actual physical computer, or a group of computer systems, whose purpose is to operate one or more computer programs operating together on the same network.
A computer server can be a mixture of both software and hardware, like a file server, mail server, print server or a database server. Each one of these serve different and unique purposes. An example of this would be when you enter a request into a search engine, that query is sent from your personal computer over the net to one or more servers which have the related pages saved on them. The answer or results are then sent back, by the server program, right to your computer.
You're probably wanting to know why servers are needed. They're needed so that the Internet runs effectively. If there were no servers saving web pages on them, you couldn't send out a search, since there would be nothing there for you to look for. This is merely the vast public need for servers to be available. Servers also store programs that tell search engines how to work, along with how web pages are rated so that the system knows what order to send the results of a query.
Servers are also needed in the private use of firms. They hold massive directories of the various kinds of information that these businesses need to keep and have immediate access to. There might be separate servers for each type of information databases and a server that regulates how they are used.
It's also the server that permits a company to have a network of computers linked together to be able to gain access to the content. The networking program is a server system and enables or limits the flow of internal information to only the computers with stored access clearance.
If servers are so important, what occurs when a server crashes? If a server stops working, somebody has to determine why and make repairs so it can be brought back online. Out on the internet there are backup servers. When one crashes and its information or directions aren't accessible but the internet will redirect their request and seek the data it needs by using another server on the system that can do almost exactly the same thing that the server that went down does. It is this back-up system (it is called redundancy) that keeps the Internet running 24/7/365.
When we're referring to a web server in a company breaking down, it might cause the work being done to come to a decisive halt. Much like the servers on the web, the server must be repaired and taken back online so the corporate network system can get back to work. It's for this very reason that corporations have taken a lesson from the internet and have redundant back up rack server products in place and a system that will automatically switch to the back if the main server fails.
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